The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography
Sheads, Scott Sumpter. Guardian of the Star-Spangled Banner: Lt. Colonel George Armistead and the Fort McHenry Flag. Linthicum, MD: Toomey Press, 1999.
Categories: Biography, Autobiography, and Reminiscences, Military, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City, War of 1812
Smith, C. Fraser. William Donald Schaefer: A Political Biography. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
Notes: William Donald Schaefer's long and controversial career in Maryland politics is explored in this biography by <em>Baltimore Sun</em> columnist, C. Fraser Smith. As Mayor, Schaefer presided over an era of change in Baltimore when that city's economic and social dynamism was in turmoil. The successes and continuing problems in Baltimore today still bear the Schaefer imprint. His high profile style of administration continued during two terms as Maryland's Governor where he was less successful in putting his personal stamp on state government.
Categories: Biography, Autobiography, and Reminiscences, Politics and Law, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Abingbade, Harrison Ola. "The Settler-African Conflicts: The Case of the Maryland Colonists and the Grebo 1840-1900." Journal of Negro History 66 (Summer 1981): 93-109.
Categories: African American, Maritime, Native American, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century
Alpert, Jonathan L. "The Origin of Slavery in the United States: The Maryland Precedent." American Journal of Legal History 14 (1970): 189-222.
Notes: Maryland was the "first province in English North America to recognize slavery as a matter of law" (189). Therefore, the study of Maryland is useful for historians studying how American slavery was a product of the law. Early legislation recognized the existence of slavery, for while indentured servitude and slavery co-existed, and the terms were used interchangeably, the law still distinguished between the two. "All slaves were servants but not all servants were slaves" (193). However, it wasn't until 1664 when a statue was created which established slavery as hereditary. This statute was the first law in English North American to thus establish this type of slavery, legalizing what had been de facto since 1639. The author concludes that laws reflect the attitudes of a society and the manner in which societal problems are resolved. In the case of Maryland, servant problems could be avoided by replacing indentured servitude with perpetual slavery.
Categories: African American, Native American, Politics and Law, Seventeenth Century
Bachrach, Peter, and Morton S. Baratz. Power and Poverty: Theory and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Politics and Law, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
"Baltimore: What Went Wrong?" Black Enterprise Magazine 2 (November 1971): 40-48.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Education, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Native American, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Before 1600 AD, Seventeenth Century
Brown, C. Christopher. "Maryland's First Political Convention by and for Its Colored People." Maryland Historical Magazine 88 (Fall 1993): 324-36.
Notes: In 1852, forty-one African American delegates formed the first Colored Convention in Baltimore. Given the increasing restrictions on the mobility and employment opportunities available to free blacks since the early 19th century, the convention addressed the possibility of emigration to Liberia. For many black Marylanders, emigration appeared to be the only real political choice left to free blacks in the 1850s. Discussion of colonization before 1852 had been mostly a white concern, although there had been several black colonization societies as well. In the end, however, few Maryland blacks embraced colonization.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Intellectual Life, Literature, and Publishing, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Baltimore City
Clark, Alex Rees. "Selected Demographic Components of the Non-White Population of Baltimore: A Comment." Middle Atlantic 6 (July 1975): 75-82.
Notes: 1960-70.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Clayton, Ralph. Black Baltimore, 1820-1870. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 1988.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Family History and Genealogy, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Clayton, Ralph. Slavery, Slaveholding and the Free Black Population of Antebellum Baltimore. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 1993.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Family History and Genealogy, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Coates, James Roland, Jr. Recreation and Sport in the African-American Community of Baltimore, 1890-1920. Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland at College Park, 1991.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Craven, Wesley Frank. White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1971.
Notes: Remains the standard multi-cultural work for the 17th century.
Categories: African American, Ethnic History, Native American, Seventeenth Century
Della, M. Ray, Jr. "An Analysis of Baltimore's Population in the 1850's." Maryland Historical Magazine 68 (1973): 20-35.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Dudley, David. "James Hubert 'Eubie' Blake." Baltimore 92 (March 1999): 38-39.
Categories: African American, Biography, Autobiography, and Reminiscences, Music and Theater, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Evans, Paul Fairfax. City Life: A Perspective from Baltimore 1968-1978. Columbia, MD: C. H. Fairfax Co., 1981.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Foner, Philip S. "Address of Frederick Douglass at the Inauguration of Douglass Institute, Baltimore, October 1, 1865." Journal of Negro History 54 (1969): 174-183.
Categories: African American, Education, Intellectual Life, Literature, and Publishing, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Fuke, Richard Paul. "The Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of the Colored People, 1864-1870." Maryland Historical Magazine 66 (1971): 369-404.
Notes: In 1864, Baltimore businessmen, lawyers and clergymen formed the Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of the Colored People. Many of these men had been associated with emancipation causes. These men coordinated the flow of money and supplies provided by the Freedmen's Bureau. Eventually, the schools founded by the Association were taken over by the state, which had initially not provided for free, public Negro education at all.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Education, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Gardner, Bettye. "Ante-bellum Black Education in Baltimore." Maryland Historical Magazine 71 (Fall 1976): 360-66.
Notes: Just before the Civil War, Baltimore had the largest free black population of any city in the country. Most antebellum education of free blacks was provided by the numerous black churches and concerned black and white citizens. Still, free blacks were taxed even though no free public educational facilities were provided for their children. Sunday (Sabbath) schools provided much of the schooling available to free blacks, although a few days schools existed as well, most notably the African School, founded in 1812. By 1859, there were fifteen schools for blacks in Baltimore, all of which were self-supporting, receiving no local or state funding.
Categories: African American, Education, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Garonzik, Joseph. Urbanization and the Black Population of Baltimore, 1850-1870. Ph.D. diss., State University of New York, Stony Brook, 1974.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Goldin, Claudia Dale. Urban Slavery in the American South 1820-1860: A Quantitative History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.
Notes: Numerous references to Baltimore.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington, DC: University Press of America, Inc., 1982.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Greene, Suzanne Ellery. "Black Republicans on the Baltimore City Council, 1890-1931." Maryland Historical Magazine 74 (September 1979): 203-22.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Hall, Robert L. "Slave Resistance in Baltimore City and County, 1747-1790." Maryland Historical Magazine 84 (1989): 305-18.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Baltimore County, Baltimore City
Jacob, Grace Hill. The Negro in Baltimore, 1860-1900. M.A. thesis, Howard University, 1945.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Family History and Genealogy, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City