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The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography

Handwerker, Tom. "Something is Fishy Down on the Farm." Heartland of Del-Mar-Va 13 (Harvest 1991): 18-19.

Adler, Larry. It Ain't Necessarily So. New York: Grove Press, 1987.
Notes: Autobiography of a Baltimore-born musician.

Blakey, Arch Frederick. General John H. Winder, C.S.A. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1990.

Delaplaine, Edward S. John Phillip Sousa and the National Anthem. Frederick, MD: Great Southern Press, 1983.

Kester, John G. "Charles Polke: Indian Trader of the Potomac." Maryland Historical Magazine 90 (Winter 1995): 446-65.

Kravetz, Sallie. Ethel Ennis, the Reluctant Jazz Star: An Illustrated Biography. Baltimore: Gateway Press/Hughes Enterprises, 1984.

Maturi, Richard J. Francis X. Bushman: A Biography and Filmography. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1998.

Otter, William. History of My Own Times or, the Life and Adventures of William Otter, Sen. Comprising a Series of Events, and Musical Incidents Altogether Original. Emmitsburg, MD: n.p., 1835; reprint. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995.
Notes: William Otter (1787-1856) has left an entertaining autobiography of his life as a plasterer and practical jokester. Originally published in Emmitsburg in 1835, Otter's <em>History</em> offers an unusual glimpse into social history from an artisan's perspective. Whether Otter's humorous adventures and anecdotes are all true is debatable. His story does, however, suggest a continuation of the irreverent Maryland personality seen in the works of Ebenezer Cooke, Dr. Alexander Hamilton and Meshack Browning.

Price, Walter W. "The Bashford Amphitheater's Name." Glades Star 6 (June 1990): 412-14.

Schaaf, Elizabeth. "George Peabody: His Life and Legacy, 1795-1869." Maryland Historical Magazine 90 (Fall 1995): 268-85.
Notes: George Peabody's legacy to Baltimore transcends the music conservatory and magnificent library that bear his name. His gifts influenced other wealthy friends whose philanthropy help establish some of the great educational and cultural institutions that grace the city: the Johns Hopkins University, the Enoch Pratt Free Library, and the Walters Art Gallery. This article surveys the life of a man admired and respected on both sides of the Atlantic.

Abingbade, Harrison Ola. "The Settler-African Conflicts: The Case of the Maryland Colonists and the Grebo 1840-1900." Journal of Negro History 66 (Summer 1981): 93-109.

Alpert, Jonathan L. "The Origin of Slavery in the United States: The Maryland Precedent." American Journal of Legal History 14 (1970): 189-222.
Notes: Maryland was the "first province in English North America to recognize slavery as a matter of law" (189). Therefore, the study of Maryland is useful for historians studying how American slavery was a product of the law. Early legislation recognized the existence of slavery, for while indentured servitude and slavery co-existed, and the terms were used interchangeably, the law still distinguished between the two. "All slaves were servants but not all servants were slaves" (193). However, it wasn't until 1664 when a statue was created which established slavery as hereditary. This statute was the first law in English North American to thus establish this type of slavery, legalizing what had been de facto since 1639. The author concludes that laws reflect the attitudes of a society and the manner in which societal problems are resolved. In the case of Maryland, servant problems could be avoided by replacing indentured servitude with perpetual slavery.

Anderson-Free, Corine F. The Baltimore Colored Orchestra and the City Colored Chorus. Ph.D. diss., University of Alabama, 1994.

Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Craven, Wesley Frank. White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1971.
Notes: Remains the standard multi-cultural work for the 17th century.

David, Jonathan. "The Sermon and the Shout: A History of the Singing and Praying Bands of Maryland and Delaware." Southern Folklore Quarterly 51, no. 3 (1994): 241-63.

Davidson, Thomas E. "Free Blacks in Old Somerset County, 1745-1755." Maryland Historical Magazine 80 (Summer 1985): 151-156.
Notes: County court records of Somerset County, Maryland during the eighteenth century are particularly complete, allowing for detailed studies of the county's population during that period. The author contributes to the scholarship which, up until 1985, focused primarily on the origins of black culture on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in the seventeenth century. The author also adds to the growing scholarship on free blacks in this region, which tended to also focus on the seventeenth century. In addition to examining court records to determine the numbers of free Negroes and mulattoes, the author also attempts to determine how members of these populations obtained their free status, that is, through manumission or the as the result of being children of free mothers (free-born).

Dudley, David. "James Hubert 'Eubie' Blake." Baltimore 92 (March 1999): 38-39.

Goosman, Stuart L. The Social and Cultural Organization of Black Group Vocal Harmony in Washington, D. C. and Baltimore, Maryland, 1945-1960. Ph.D. diss., University of Washington, 1992.

Klein, Mary O. "'We Shall Be Accountable to God:' Some Inquiries into the Position of Blacks in Somerset Parish, Maryland, 1692-1865." Maryland Historical Magazine 87 (Winter 1992): 399-406.
Notes: The author examines the conversion of free blacks and slaves in Somerset Parish. While a 1664 Maryland law stated that baptism had no effect on the status of a slave, the Anglican church worked towards conversion of the enslaved. However, Christian education and baptism varied depending on individual slaveowners. In some cases, the enslaved themselves refused to be baptized. Evidence of African religious practices remained alongside the practice of Christianity.

"Selected Readings on Afro-Americans and Maryland's Eastern Shore." Maryland Pendulum 5 (Fall/Winter 1985): 6-7.

Talbert, Christine. "Ira Aldrige - Shakespearean Actor [and] Black Contemporary to Edwin Booth." Harford Historical Bulletin 15 (Winter 1983): 10-11.

Wennersten, John R. "A Cycle of Race Relations on Maryland's Eastern Shore: Somerset County, 1850-1917." Maryland Historical Magazine 80 (Winter 1985): 377-382.

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