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The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography

Daniels, Christine. "'Getting his [or her] Livelyhood:' Free Workers in a Slave Anglo-America, 1675-1810." Agricultural History 71 (Spring 1997): 125-61.
Notes: Compared to slaves and servants, free, white laborers, like Nathaniel Dunnahoe in Kent County, in 1716, have been overlooked. However, Daniels found evidence of both the work they did wheat threshing, shingle and plank making, providing firewood, washing, knitting, and midwifery, among other things and the wages they earned. "Free male and female laborers in the slave Chesapeake found work at tasks either unrelated or only indirectly related to the plantation staple." (p. 157). Economic niches, apparently, existed early on.

Dash, Joan. Summoned to Jerusalem: The Life of Henrietta Szold. New York: Harper and Row, 1979.
Notes: Henrietta Szold (1860-1945) was a social activist whose career began in Baltimore with the founding of a center and night school for recent immigrants from Russia similar to the settlement houses pioneered by Jane Addams. She later founded Hadassah, the Jewish women's organization, and became a leader in the Zionist movement.

Gross, Dorothea A. Recollections of My Immigrant Grandmother: Events of the Early 1900s. New York: Carlton Press, 1988.

Hom-Kim, Lillian Lee. "Fang H. Der, An Oral History from Baltimore, Maryland." Chinese America: History and Perspectives (1988): 190-98.

"Jack Edelman, A Remembrance." Generations 5 (April 1985): 21-34.

"Jack L. Levin, Champion of Causes." Generations 5 (April 1985): 3-20.

Kellman, Naomi. "Dr. Samson Benderly." Generations 4 (December 1983): 25-31.

Kester, John G. "Charles Polke: Indian Trader of the Potomac." Maryland Historical Magazine 90 (Winter 1995): 446-65.

Levin, Alexandra Lee. "Aaron Aaronsohn; Pioneer Scientist, Spy and Friend of Henrietta Szold." Hadassah Magazine (March 1977): 16-17, 38-42.

Levin, Alexandra Lee. Henrietta Szold: Baltimorean. Baltimore: Jewish Historical Society of Maryland, 1976.

Levin, Alexandra Lee. "Israel Zangwill Visits Baltimore." Generations (Fall 1993): 8.

Levin, Alexandra Lee. "A Memorial for Two Wealthy Baltimoreans." Generations (Summer 1991): 9.

Levin, Jack L. Sidney Hollander: Beloved Warrior. Baltimore: Jewish Historical Society of Maryland, 1976.

McClain, William H. "William Kurrelmeyer: German-American 1874-1957." Report of the Society for the History of the Germans in Maryland 37 (1978): 8-18.
Notes: Biographical sketch of German professor at Johns Hopkins University.

Moser, Liz Kohn. "Growing Up in Two Families: My Two Families: Home and Hochschild, Kohn & Co." Generations (Fall 1998): 8-11.

Olschansky, Al. "Baltimore City in its Heyday: As I Knew it in the 1930s when I was Growing Up." Generations 8 (Spring 1988): 10-12.

Rosenswaike, Ira. "Simon M. Levy: West Point Graduate." American Jewish Historical Quarterly 61 (1971): 69-73.

Sollins, Helen Burman. "Eleanor Septima Cohen." Generations 5 (June 1984): 19-27.

Solomon Nunes Carvalho: Painter, Photographer and Prophet in Nineteenth Century America. Baltimore: Jewish Historical Society of Maryland, 1989.

Abingbade, Harrison Ola. "The Settler-African Conflicts: The Case of the Maryland Colonists and the Grebo 1840-1900." Journal of Negro History 66 (Summer 1981): 93-109.

Alpert, Jonathan L. "The Origin of Slavery in the United States: The Maryland Precedent." American Journal of Legal History 14 (1970): 189-222.
Notes: Maryland was the "first province in English North America to recognize slavery as a matter of law" (189). Therefore, the study of Maryland is useful for historians studying how American slavery was a product of the law. Early legislation recognized the existence of slavery, for while indentured servitude and slavery co-existed, and the terms were used interchangeably, the law still distinguished between the two. "All slaves were servants but not all servants were slaves" (193). However, it wasn't until 1664 when a statue was created which established slavery as hereditary. This statute was the first law in English North American to thus establish this type of slavery, legalizing what had been de facto since 1639. The author concludes that laws reflect the attitudes of a society and the manner in which societal problems are resolved. In the case of Maryland, servant problems could be avoided by replacing indentured servitude with perpetual slavery.

Ballard, Barbara Jean. Nineteenth-Century Theories of Race, the Concept of Correspondences, and the Images of Blacks in the Anti-slavery Writings of Douglass, Stow, and Browne. Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1992.

Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Craven, Wesley Frank. White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1971.
Notes: Remains the standard multi-cultural work for the 17th century.

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