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Anderson, George M. "Growth, Civil War, and Change: The Montgomery County Agricultural Society, 1850-1876." Maryland Historical Magazine 86 (Winter 1991): 396-406.
Callum, Agnes Kane. "Corporal Philip Webster: A Civil War Soldier." Harford Historical Bulletin 35 (Winter 1988): 3-6.
Berlin, Ira, et al., eds. Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867. Series I, Volume II. The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor: The Upper South. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
Annotation / Notes: Based upon the Freedman's Papers collection at the National Archives, this volume focuses on the genesis of free labor. Chapter 4, which presents an essay followed by original documents, is devoted to the Maryland experience. Although slavery and free labor co-existed throughout the 19th century, slavery had been concentrated in Southern Maryland and on the Eastern Shore, and it was here that the greatest tension existed during the Civil War era. Runaway slaves quickly appeared at unionist camps, such as Point Lookout, or escaped to the national capital, in search of freedom and employment. By 1864 several government farms were created along the Patuxent River from abandoned property which was home to over 600 former slaves. Former slaves discovered that emancipation did not mean freedom. The state legislature, still under the influence of former slave owners, passed restrictive laws circumscribing their freedom, including an apprenticeship law which allowed white landowners to forcefully "apprentice" black children. The Union commander, General Lew Wallace, attempted to counteract this program by issuing General Order 112, but the effort was not supported by the national government.
Berlin, Ira, et al., eds. Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867. Series II. The Black Military Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Annotation / Notes: Based upon the Freedman's Papers collection at the National Archives, this volume focuses on the black military experience. Unlike most of the previous volumes, where there was an entire chapter devoted to Maryland, references to the state are scattered throughout the book. By the spring of 1865 some 179,000 black men enlisted in the Union army, of which 8,718 were from Maryland. These figures do not include service in the naval forces. Black enlistment helped to undermine slavery but it also contributed to a shortage of labor in rural areas. The families of enlistees were often ill-treated. Once in the Army, blacks were discouraged by unequal pay and by doing more manual labor than fighting. By the end of the war, however, black units fought with distinction. In Maryland, like other border states, black veterans were the objects of widespread terror as the former planter class attempted to reassert its hegemony.
Berlin, Ira, et al., eds. Free At Last: A Documentary History of Slavery, Freedom, and the Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Annotation / Notes: Based upon the Freedman's Papers collection at the National Archives, this volume covers the comprehensive African American experience from slavery to freedom. Organized around primary documents, with short explanatory introductions, it explores various significant themes in this complex transformation. African Americans discovered that northerners, as well as former masters, were reluctant to recognize their equality and often imposed their views on such things as labor relations, the extent of personal freedom, and their proper role in the military. This book reveals that former slaves possessed a complex and sophisticated understanding of the meaning of freedom.
Billingsley, Andrew. "Family Reunion-The Legacy of Robert Smalls: Civil War Hero." Maryland Humanities (Winter 1993): 14-17.
Blackburn, George M., ed. "The Negro as Viewed by a Michigan Civil War Soldier: Letters of John C. Buchanan." Michigan History 47 (1963): 75-84.
Blight, David W. Frederick Douglass' Civil War: Keeping Faith in Jubilee. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989.
Callum, Agnes Kane. 9th Regiment Colored Troops: Volunteers of Maryland, Civil War, 1863-1866. Baltimore: Mullac Publishers, 1999.
Callum, Agnes K. Colored Volunteers of Maryland, Civil War, 7th Regiment, United States Colored Troops, 1863-1866. Baltimore: Mullac Publishers, 1990.
Zubritsky, John. Fighting Men: A Chronicle of Three Black Civil War Soldiers. Upland, PA: Diane Publishing Company, 1997.
Bernard, Kenneth A. "Lincoln and the Music of the Civil War." Lincoln Herald 66 (1964): 115-134.
Berlin, Ira, Francine C. Cary, Steven F. Miller, and Leslie S. Rowland. "Family and Freedom: Black Families in the American Civil War." History Today [Great Britain] 37 (1987): 8-15.
Craighead, Sandra G., comp. "Index of Maryland and West Virginia Civil War Colored Troopers and Their 'Loyal Slaveowners.'" Journal of the Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society 15 (1996): 40-50.
Davidson, Roger A., Jr. "'They Have Never Been Known to Falter': The First United States Colored Infantry in Virginia and North Carolina." Civil War Regiments 6 (1998): 1-26.
Categories:
African American,
County and Local History,
Military,
Nineteenth Century,
Other,
Civil War
Towers, Frank. "Job Busting at Baltimore Shipyards: Racial Violence in the Civil War-era South." Journal of Southern History 66 (May 2000): 221-56.
Hagaman, Robert A. Personal Battles: The Lives of Maryland's Black Civil War Veterans, 1840-1920. Ph.D. diss., Northern Illinois University, 2004.
Blassingame, John W. "The Recruitment of Colored Troops in Kentucky, Maryland and Missouri, 1863-1865." Historian, 29 (August 1967): 533-45.
Wagandt, Charles L. "The Army Versus Maryland Slavery, 1862-1864." Civil War History, 10 (June 1964): 141-48.
Tinney, Jason. "A Very American Story: Black Soldiers in the Civil War." Maryland Life, 6 (September/October 2010): 50-51.
Decter, Avi Y. "'Remember that You Were a Slave': Rabbis and Slavery on the Eve of the Civil War." Generations, (2009/2010): 10-15.
Soderberg, Susan. "African Americans in Montgomery County during the Civil War." Montgomery County Story, 54 (Summer 2011): 12-17.
Nettina, Adam. "Howard County's Black Civil War Hero." The Legacy, 49 (Summer 2012): 4.
Petlack, Karin Leann. A Dilemma of Civil Liberties: Blacks under Union Military Control, 1861-1866. Ph.D. diss., University of California, Davis, 2013.
Marhoefer, Barbara. "From Slave Owner to Union Supporter: A Tyaskin Lawyer's Struggle." Shoreline, 19 (December 2012): 6-9.