The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography
Klingelhofer, Eric. "Aspects of Early African-American Material Culture: Artifacts from the Slave Quarters at Garrison Plantation, Maryland." Historical Archaeology 21 (1987): 112-19.
Notes: The author examines the objects excavated from the slave quarters at Garrison Plantation near Baltimore, Maryland. Various groups of objects represented early black material culture which reveal aspects of Africanisms. Archaeology is particularly useful for the study of Africanisms found in material culture as patterns of found objects may be compared chronologically and geographically.
Categories: African American, Archaeology, County and Local History, Family History and Genealogy, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Kulikoff, Allan. "Black Society and the Economics of Slavery." Maryland Historical Magazine 70 (Summer 1975): 203-10.
Notes: Review Essay.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Kulikoff, Allan. "The Origins of Afro-American Society in Tidewater Maryland and Virginia, 1700 to 1790." William and Mary Quarterly 35 (April 1978): 226-59.
Notes: The author argues that enslaved blacks living in Tidewater Maryland and Virginia during the eighteenth century developed their own community life, in order to disprove the notion that the enslaved were forced to accept Anglo-American beliefs and values without question. The author examines the process of creating Afro-American culture in these tidewater regions. He concludes that the development of Afro-American communities did not take place until the middle of the eighteenth century, a much slower process of development than that which took place in the West Indies.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century
Kulikoff, Allan. "A 'Prolifick' People: Black Population Growth in the Chesapeake Colonies, 1700-1790." Southern Studies 16 (Winter 1977): 391-428.
Notes: The author attempts to document the population growth of Africans and African-Americans between 1660 and 1780. The population grew due to forced immigration or from natural increase. Natural increase helped the founding of enslaved communities and helped in the establishment of kinship systems.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
Kulikoff, Alan. Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press for the Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1986.
Categories: African American, Agriculture, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Lee, Jean Butenhoff. "The Problem of Slave Community in the Eighteenth Century Chesapeake." William and Mary Quarterly 48 (July 1986): 333-361.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century
Lewis, Ronald Loran. "Slave Families at Early Chesapeake Ironworks." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 86 (April 1978): 169-79.
Notes: The author examines the self-determination on the part of blacks enslaved as ironworkers in order to counter the view of the fragmented black family as espoused by scholars such as E. Franklin Frazier and Daniel P. Moynihan. The author examines such Maryland ironworks as Northampton Furnace and Patuxent Iron Works. Ironworkers were provided opportunities for "overwork" - that is, working overtime in return for cash or supplies. The money allowed ironworkers and their families an improved standard of living. In addition, ironworkers did not experience strict controls over their free time, home life, or leisure activities. These factors, the author feels, contributed to a stable family structure among enslaved ironworkers.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Lewis, Ronald Loran. Slavery in the Chesapeake Iron Industry, 1716-1865. Ph.D. diss., University of Akron, 1974.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Lewis, Ronald Loran. "Slavery on Chesapeake Iron Plantations Before the American Revolution." Journal of Negro History 59 (July 1974): 242-54.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
Lofton, John. "Enslavement of the Southern Mind: 1775-1825." Journal of Negro History 43 (1958): 132-139.
Categories: African American, Intellectual Life, Literature, and Publishing, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
McConnell, Roland C. Three Hundred and Fifty Years: Chronology of the Afro-American in Maryland, 1634-1984. Annapolis, MD: Commission on Afro-American History and Culture, 1985.
Categories: African American, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century
McCusker, John J., and Russell R. Menard. The Economy of British America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
McDaniel, George W. "Voices from the Past: Black Builders and Their Buildings." In Three Centuries of Maryland Architecture, 79-90. Annapolis, MD: Maryland Historical Trust, 1982.
Categories: African American, Architecture, Historic Preservation, and Town Planning, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century
McElvey, Kay Najiyyah. Early Black Dorchester, 1776-1870: A History of the Struggle of African-Americans in Dorchester County, Maryland, to be Free to Make Their Own Choices. Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland at College Park, 1991.
Notes: The author examines selected events relating to Dorchester County's black population between 1776 and 1870 and their struggle to make their own political, economic, religious, and educational choices. The author also focuses on the enslaved and free leaders who led the fight for self-determination. The author hopes that her text will be used in high school classrooms as a local history of black Dorchester County.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Education, Politics and Law, Religion, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Dorchester County, Eastern Shore
Maryland Commission on Afro-American History, and Culture. Three Hundred and Fifty Years: A Chronology of the Afro-American in Maryland. Annapolis, MD: The Maryland Commission, on Afro-American History and Culture, 1985.
Categories: African American, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century
Menard, Russell R. "From Servants to Slaves: The Transformation of the Chesapeake Labor System." Southern Studies 16 (Winter 1977): 355-90.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Menard, Russell R. "The Maryland Slave Population, 1658 to 1730: A Demographic Profile of Blacks in Four Counties." William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 33 (January 1975): 29-54.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
Morgan, Edmund S. American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia. New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1975.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
Morgan, Kenneth. "Slave Sales in Colonial Charleston." English Historical Review 113 (September 1998): 905-27.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century
Murphy, Thomas Richard. 'Negroes of Ours:' Jesuit Slaveholding in Maryland, 1717-1838. Ph.D. diss., University of Connecticut, 1998.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Religion, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Nevile, Barry, and Edward Jones. "Slavery in Worcester County, Maryland, 1688-1766." Maryland Historical Magazine 89 (Fall 1994): 319-27.
Notes: The authors examine slavery in Worcester County, Maryland, before the American Revolution, in order to paint a different picture of slavery than that which is portrayed in popular culture, the large, gang-labor-based institution of the cotton South. Ultimately, the authors set out to identify changing patterns of slaveholding in the county before the Revolution. The increase in the use of slaves corresponded with the decline in the use of indentured servants.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Seventeenth Century, Eighteenth Century, Worcester County, Eastern Shore
Phillips, Christopher. Freedom's Port: The African American Community of Baltimore, 1790-1860. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
Categories: African American, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Phillips, Christopher William. 'Negroes and Other Slaves:' The African-American Community of Baltimore, 1790-1860. Ph.D. diss., University of Georgia, 1992.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Phillips, Christopher. "The Roots of Quasi-Freedom: Manumission and Term Slavery in Early National Baltimore." Southern Studies 4 (Spring 1993): 39-66.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Politics and Law, Eighteenth Century, Baltimore City
Quarles, Benjamin. "'Freedom Fettered:' Blacks in the Constitutional Era in Maryland, 1776-1810 - An Introduction." Maryland Historical Magazine 84 (1989): 299-304.
Notes: The author examines how blacks in Maryland fared during the Constitutional Era, a period when questions of race and color, slavery and freedom, were being raised. For the free black population, there was the question of their status. After the Revolution, Maryland's slave and free black populations became more politically aware of the implications of living in a time of such change. The slogans of freedom and equality used during the Revolution were drawn upon by Maryland's black population in order to attempt to effect change.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century