The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography
Fuke, Richard Paul. "Planters, Apprenticeship, and Forced Labor: The Black Family Under Pressure in Post-Emancipation Maryland." Agricultural History 62 (Fall 1988): 57-74.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Politics and Law, Nineteenth Century
Fuke, Richard Paul. "A Reform Mentality: Federal Policy toward Black Marylanders, 1864-1868." Civil War History 22 (September 1976): 214-35.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Education, Politics and Law, Nineteenth Century
Gardner, Bettye. "Ante-bellum Black Education in Baltimore." Maryland Historical Magazine 71 (Fall 1976): 360-66.
Notes: Just before the Civil War, Baltimore had the largest free black population of any city in the country. Most antebellum education of free blacks was provided by the numerous black churches and concerned black and white citizens. Still, free blacks were taxed even though no free public educational facilities were provided for their children. Sunday (Sabbath) schools provided much of the schooling available to free blacks, although a few days schools existed as well, most notably the African School, founded in 1812. By 1859, there were fifteen schools for blacks in Baltimore, all of which were self-supporting, receiving no local or state funding.
Categories: African American, Education, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Gardner, Bettye J. "Opposition to Emigration, a Selected Letter of William Watkins (The Colored Baltimorean)." Journal of Negro History 47 (Summer 1982): 155-158.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century
Gardner, John K., and A. Stewart Holmes. A Profile of Poverty in Maryland. College Park: University of Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, 1973.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History
Garonzik, Joseph. Urbanization and the Black Population of Baltimore, 1850-1870. Ph.D. diss., State University of New York, Stony Brook, 1974.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Garrant, Richard Louis. Racial Minority Understanding and Awareness Educational Programs in the Ft. G. G. Meade, Maryland Community. Ed.D. diss., George Washington University, 1986.
Categories: African American, Military, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Twentieth Century
"George R. Roberts: An Independent American Citizen." Calvert Historian 13 (Spring 1998): 33-44.
George, Christopher T. "Mirage of Freedom: African Americans in the War of 1812." Maryland Historical Magazine 91 (Winter 1996): 426-50.
Notes: Black men fought for both the American and British forces during the War of 1812. For example, free blacks who constructed earthworks and black sailors in the U.S. Navy helped to deflect the British attack on Baltimore in 1814. Free blacks and slaves who decided to help the British hoped to secure freedom in return for their services.
Categories: African American, Military, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, War of 1812
Gerdes, M. Reginald. "To Educate and Evangelize: Black Catholic Schools of the Oblate Sisters of Providence (1828-1880)." U.S. Catholic Historian 7, nos. 2-3 (1988): 183-99.
Categories: African American, Education, Religion, Women, Nineteenth Century
Gervasi, S. "Northampton: Slave Quarters That Have Survived Centuries." American Visions 6 (April 1991): 54-56.
Categories: African American, Archaeology
Gibson, Donald B. "Christianity and Individualism: (Re-) Creation and Reality in Frederick Douglass's Representation of Self." African American Review 26 (Winter 1992): 591-603.
Categories: African American, Intellectual Life, Literature, and Publishing, Religion, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century
Girard, Linda Walvoord. Young Frederick Douglass: The Slave Who Learned to Read. Morton Grove, IL: A. Whitman, 1994.
Goldberg, Robert Marc. Party Competition and Black Politics in Baltimore and Philadelphia. Ph.D. diss., Brandeis University, 1984.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Twentieth Century
Goldin, Claudia Dale. Urban Slavery in the American South 1820-1860: A Quantitative History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.
Notes: Numerous references to Baltimore.
Categories: African American, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Goldstein, Leslie F. "Violence as an Instrument for Social Change: The Views of Frederick Douglass, 1819-1895." Journal of Negro History 41 (January 1976): 61-72.
Categories: African American, Intellectual Life, Literature, and Publishing, Politics and Law, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century
Gooden, Karen L. W. A Cross Borne: A Biography of Judge James Franklin Bourne, Jr. Virginia Beach, VA: Donning Co., 1995.
"The Goodridge Brothers: Saginaw Valley Photographic Historians." Michigan History 53 (1969): 240-246.
Goosman, Stuart L. The Social and Cultural Organization of Black Group Vocal Harmony in Washington, D. C. and Baltimore, Maryland, 1945-1960. Ph.D. diss., University of Washington, 1992.
Categories: African American, Music and Theater, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Twentieth Century
Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington, DC: University Press of America, Inc., 1982.
Categories: African American, County and Local History, Economic, Business, and Labor History, Society, Social Change, Folklife, and Popular Culture, Nineteenth Century, Baltimore City
Greene, Carroll, Jr. A Chronology of the Life of Benjamin Banneker: Son of Maryland, 1731-1806. Annapolis, MD: Maryland Department of Economic and Community Development, Commission on Afro-American History and Culture, 1976.
Categories: African American, Biography, Autobiography, and Reminiscences, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Greene, Carroll, Jr. "The Search for Joshua Johnson: Early America's Black Portrait Painter." American Visions 3 (February 1988): 14-19.
Categories: African American, Biography, Autobiography, and Reminiscences, Fine and Decorative Arts, Eighteenth Century, Nineteenth Century
Greene, Carroll, Jr. "Summertime in the Highland Beach Tradition." American Visions 1 (May/June 1986): 46-50.
Categories: African American, County and Local History
Greene, Suzanne Ellery. "Black Republicans on the Baltimore City Council, 1890-1931." Maryland Historical Magazine 74 (September 1979): 203-22.
Categories: African American, Politics and Law, Nineteenth Century, Twentieth Century, Baltimore City
Griffith, David. "Lasting Firsts." American Anthropologist 99, no. 1 (1997): 23-29.
Categories: African American