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The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography

Pons, Josh. Country Life Diary: Three Years in the Life of a Horse Farm. Second edition, Lexington, KY: The Blood-Horse, Inc., 1999.

Simpson, William E. "Alexius Lancaster, 1794-1856: Farm Life in Southern Maryland Circa 1818-1856, Preamble." Chronicles of St. Mary's 43 (Spring 1995): 120.

Sines, Taylor. "Walt Whitehair-Lifelong Cattle Dealer." Glades Star 9 (June 1999): 70-72.

Turner, Charles W., ed. "A Virginia Small Farmer's Life after the Civil War." Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 63 (1955): 286-305.

Abingbade, Harrison Ola. "The Settler-African Conflicts: The Case of the Maryland Colonists and the Grebo 1840-1900." Journal of Negro History 66 (Summer 1981): 93-109.

Alpert, Jonathan L. "The Origin of Slavery in the United States: The Maryland Precedent." American Journal of Legal History 14 (1970): 189-222.
Notes: Maryland was the "first province in English North America to recognize slavery as a matter of law" (189). Therefore, the study of Maryland is useful for historians studying how American slavery was a product of the law. Early legislation recognized the existence of slavery, for while indentured servitude and slavery co-existed, and the terms were used interchangeably, the law still distinguished between the two. "All slaves were servants but not all servants were slaves" (193). However, it wasn't until 1664 when a statue was created which established slavery as hereditary. This statute was the first law in English North American to thus establish this type of slavery, legalizing what had been de facto since 1639. The author concludes that laws reflect the attitudes of a society and the manner in which societal problems are resolved. In the case of Maryland, servant problems could be avoided by replacing indentured servitude with perpetual slavery.

Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Clemens, Paul G.E. The Atlantic Economy and Colonial Maryland's Eastern Shore: From Tobacco to Grain. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1980.

Craven, Wesley Frank. White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1971.
Notes: Remains the standard multi-cultural work for the 17th century.

Demissie, E. "A History of Black Farm Operators in Maryland." Agriculture and Human Values 9 (Winter 1992): 22-30.

Kulikoff, Alan. Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press for the Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1986.

Smith, Peter C., and Karl B. Raitz. "Negro Hamlets and Agricultural Estates in Kentucky's Inner Bluegrass." Geographical Review 64 (1974): 217-234.

Wennersten, Ruth Ellen, and John R. Wennersten. "From Negro Academy to Black Land Grant College: The Maryland Experience, 1886-1910." Agriculture and Human Values 9 (Winter 1992): 15-21.

Barnett, Todd H. "Tobacco, Planters, Tenants, and Slaves: A Portrait of Montgomery County in 1783." Maryland Historical Magazine 89 (Summer 1994): 184-203.
Notes: Using the Maryland State Assessment of 1783, this study evaluates the condition of the Montgomery County community. Montgomery was the western most of Maryland's tobacco counties. This economy left Montgomery with exhausted farmland, as well as a poor, landless, and unstable population. Comparison is made with Frederick where the soil was essentially the same but had not been damaged by tobacco farming.

Bataller, Neal. "Ednor and Norwood-Quiet Reminders of the Past." Legacy 19 (Fall 1999): 1, 5.

Benson, Robert Louis. "Notes on South County: Part IV: Additional Recollections of William H. Hall IV." Anne Arundel County History Notes 24 (April 1993): 9-10.

Blumgart, Pamela James, ed. At the Head of the Bay: A Cultural and Architectural History of Cecil County, Maryland. Elkton, MD: Cecil Historical Trust, 1996.
Notes: This beautifully illustrated book presents a history of the development of the county along with a history of its architecture, including house forms, methods of construction, and outbuildings, along with brief write-ups on 700 historic sites.

Browne, Gary L. "Milling, Mining and Milking: The Evolution of Harford County." Harford Historical Bulletin 48 (Spring 1991): 46-54.

Clawson, Frank D. "Hagerstown and Frederick Described: What it Was Like Here in the 1700s." Cracker Barrel 18 (August 1988): 29-30.

Coleman, Margaret M. "Roots for the New Neighborhood of Beau Monde Estates." Montgomery County Story 23 (November 1980): 1-11.

De Gast, Robert. Unreal Estate: The Eastern Shore. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993.
Notes: Photo study of a variety of abandoned buildings -- agricultural structures and homes.

Dessaint, A. Y. Southern Maryland Yesterday and Today: Crab Pots and Sotweed Fields. Prince Frederick, MD: Calvert County Historical Society, 1984.
Notes: Historic photographs and excerpts from 60 of the "best" works on Southern Maryland. Arranged predominately by theme, the chapters include working the land, working the water, life in the home, and life in the community. A ten page introduction gives a brief chronological history of the area.

Dierker, Charmayne. "Early Agriculture in Kent County." Old Kent 16 (Summer 1999): 1; "Part II." Old Kent 16 (Fall 1999): 3; "Part III." Old Kent 16 (Winter 1999): 1-2.

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