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The Maryland History and Culture Bibliography

Clawson, Frank D. "Thomas Kennedy--Hagerstown's 'Thomas Jefferson.'" Cracker Barrel 17 (July 1987): 11.

Clem, Richard E. "Washington County Has an Unsung Confederate Hero!" Cracker Barrel 19 (January 1990): 12-14.
Notes: Major James Breathed.

Curtis, Peter H. "Murder in Western Maryland: The Life and Death of George Swearingen, Sheriff of Washington County." Maryland Historical Magazine 88 (Fall 1993): 286-96.

Kester, John G. "Charles Polke: Indian Trader of the Potomac." Maryland Historical Magazine 90 (Winter 1995): 446-65.

Marsh, Joan F. "William Henry Holmes and 'Holmescroft'." Montgomery County Story 42 (August 1999): 89-100.

Mumma, Wilmer M. "'Greatest Circus Fan on Earth'." Maryland Cracker Barrel 19 (October 1989): 5-7.

Nelson, John N. 'What God Does is Well Done': The Jonathan Hager Files. Hagerstown, MD: City of Hagerstown, 1997.

Stotelmeyer, Steven R. "The Reno Monument Story." Maryland Cracker Barrel 19 (September 1989): 17, 19-20.

Stutesman, John Hale. "Stephen Ulrich of Washington County, Maryland." Mennonite Family History 12 (April 1993): 78-79.

Abingbade, Harrison Ola. "The Settler-African Conflicts: The Case of the Maryland Colonists and the Grebo 1840-1900." Journal of Negro History 66 (Summer 1981): 93-109.

Alpert, Jonathan L. "The Origin of Slavery in the United States: The Maryland Precedent." American Journal of Legal History 14 (1970): 189-222.
Notes: Maryland was the "first province in English North America to recognize slavery as a matter of law" (189). Therefore, the study of Maryland is useful for historians studying how American slavery was a product of the law. Early legislation recognized the existence of slavery, for while indentured servitude and slavery co-existed, and the terms were used interchangeably, the law still distinguished between the two. "All slaves were servants but not all servants were slaves" (193). However, it wasn't until 1664 when a statue was created which established slavery as hereditary. This statute was the first law in English North American to thus establish this type of slavery, legalizing what had been de facto since 1639. The author concludes that laws reflect the attitudes of a society and the manner in which societal problems are resolved. In the case of Maryland, servant problems could be avoided by replacing indentured servitude with perpetual slavery.

Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Berlin, Ira. Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South. New York: Pantheon Books, 1974.
Notes: The author spends some time discussing Maryland, and the Upper South in general, in order to emphasize geographic distinctions which impacted the status of free Negroes. He postulates that the treatment and status of free blacks foreshadowed the treatment of black people in general after emancipation. In addition, the author examines the various classes of free blacks to understand how different groups viewed their social role. For the elite, positions of leadership continued after the Civil War. Maryland is of particular interest since by 1810, almost one-quarter of Maryland's black population was free. Maryland therefore had the largest free black population of any state in the nation.

Buford, Carolyn Bames. The Distribution of Negroes in Maryland, 1850-1950. M.A. thesis, Catholic University, 1955.

Craven, Wesley Frank. White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1971.
Notes: Remains the standard multi-cultural work for the 17th century.

Davis, A. Vernon. "The Local Scene." Maryland Cracker Barrel 19 (January 1990): 3-5.
Notes: Fort Frederick and the Williams Family.

Donaldson, O. Fred, and Richard L. Morrill. "Geographical Perspectives on the History of Black America." Economic Geography 48 (1972): 1-23.

Dahlhamer, Gloria. "The Miller House Speaks Eloquently of Village Life." Maryland 13 (Winter 1980): 23-26.
Notes: House in Hagerstown.

Davis, A. Vernon. "Railroad YMCA Was Important Brunswick Institution for 70 Years." Cracker Barrel 17 (March 1988): 14-15.

Olson, Sherry. Baltimore: The Building of an American City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.
Notes: Geographer Olson's book, by far the most thorough illustrated history of Baltimore, is strong on geographic and commercial development, and gives less attention to the arts, including architecture. However it does feature many historic photographs of buildings and contemporary news accounts of their construction.

Stoner, Paula. "Early Folk Architecture of Washington County." Maryland Historical Magazine 72 (Winter 1977): 512-22.

Atlas of Howard County, Maryland, 1878. Ellicott City, MD: Howard County Bicentennial Commission, Inc., 1975.
Notes: Originally part of G. M. Hopkins atlas.

Barron, Lee. The History of Sharpsburg, Maryland. Sharpsburg, MD: [Published by the author], 1972.

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